Menu
Save, make, understand money

Household Bills

Cash trapped: How would the UK cope with a national banking outage?

Cash trapped: How would the UK cope with a national banking outage?
Matt Browning
Written By:
Posted:
02/05/2025
Updated:
02/05/2025

Power returned to Spain and Portugal at the start of this week after a chaotic period of outages, which also briefly hit France.

It left locals and tourists alike stuck on trains, planes and, in some cases, even elevators.

Hospitals even had to pause procedures and operations as residents realised electricity would not return to the room with a simple fuse change.

Far from it. The Spanish and Portuguese Governments declared a national state of emergency, and an investigation is ongoing into what caused the unprecedented blackout, but a cyber attack was not the reason, according to the Spanish grid.

One element of the lights going out for 55 million people was shop owners having to close and ATMs going down. It meant millions were unable to withdraw cash, and because of the world’s move to contactless, they were left without a chance of spending money (albeit with nowhere to use it).

The unexplained power cut comes less than a year after a Crowdstrike software update caused an IT outage, hitting online banking services for several high street banks.

Sponsored

How life insurance can benefit your health and wellbeing over the decades

Sponsored by Post Office

As the Spanish and Portuguese Governments try to shine a light on what happened, what would happen if something similar were to happen in the UK? How would households and businesses survive with no card or contactless payments?

‘We are going to get more of these outages’

Martin Quinn, commercial lead at Headline Money and member of Campaign for Cash, isn’t sure. He said: “I don’t think it would cope very well, and listen, we are going to get more and more of these outages, and I dare say cyber attacks will happen, but let’s face it, they probably will.

“Cash is needed, and cash needs to be not a back-up option but an equal to paying with a card, that’s one issue.

“There were signs in shops and cafes last year when the outage last July happened, saying: ‘We can only take cash, apologies for the inconvenience’. Well, why is it an inconvenience?”

Quinn also said cash usage should not be seen as something that purely includes pensioners or people with mental health issues, who are more likely to use cash payments more frequently.

“We shouldn’t compartmentalise everyone into groups; everybody should be able to use cash.

“If you have a restaurant or coffee shop and you have a sign that says you’re card-only, and if all they have on them is cash, you’re discriminating against that person. It doesn’t matter if they’re old, vulnerable or whatever; you are not taking their cash. And that can’t be right,” he said.

He added: “The big restaurant chains that say we’re card only, people should say: ‘You know what? I am going to go somewhere else where I can spend it.’

“You can’t have 300 stores saying, ‘we are card-only’, that’s not good enough. That’s why it needs to be mandated, because we cannot have this.”

Contactless coffees

The major cafes in the UK to go cashless are Pret A Manger and Gail’s, while Waitrose will only accept notes and coins at its cafes and tills where a staff member is on duty.

In the same week of the day-long outage, the Treasury Committee released its findings on its Acceptance of cash report and warned shops and cafes might have to start accepting cash as a given.

Dame Meg Hillier MP, chair of the Treasury Select Committee, said the UK is at risk of becoming “a two-tier society, where the most vulnerable bear the brunt, and this needs to be a wake-up call”.

Hillier added: “As a society, we must avoid sleepwalking into a situation where cash is no longer widely accepted.”

But Emma Reynolds, the Economic Secretary, insisted the Government has no plans to regulate businesses into “compelling” them to take cash.

Quinn has little hope that anything will change.


"I don't have any faith that the Government will act on these recommendations"
-   Martin Quinn

“The Tories turned around and said they will leave it to the free market.

“This is a Labour Government and they won’t leave it to the free market, but I don’t have any faith that the Government will act on these recommendations. It’s as simple as that,” he said.

So, if there were a widespread payment system failure for card and contactless users, should shoppers have an emergency cash stash for when the occasion arises?

Personal finance expert Andrew Hagger and Quinn agree on the approach customers should take.

Hagger believes “it’s always handy” to keep cash on you for emergencies if card networks are down.

“I wouldn’t advocate keeping large sums of currency in your home for security reasons”, he said.

‘Ever-shrinking number of bank branches’

Hagger also suggested having more than one current account to safeguard yourself should contactless payments be disrupted for the bank you are an account holder with.

He added: “There are two main problems with cash – firstly, the banks don’t want it and so charge exorbitant fees to businesses who pay in cash, hence why some retailers or supermarkets are keen to offer cashback facilities at the till.

“Another issue for retailers is the ever-shrinking number of bank branches where you can actually pay in cash without having the time and expense of driving to the next town to do so.”

Tina McKenzie, policy and advocacy chair of the Federation of Small Businesses, said earlier this year: “At a time when small retailers are beset on all sides, anything that puts extra pressure on their margins, such as fees for processing card payments, is deeply unhelpful. Some of them are hanging on by a thread as it is.”

While a blackout of the scale seen in Spain and Portugal is rare, banking IT failures in the UK still amounted to 800 hours between January 2023 and February 2025.

The highest compensation paid out to customers for the inconvenience was £12.5m from Barclays, as account holders were unable to see if bank transfers were complete, and as they fell on payday, millions didn’t get paid on time.

When outages have hit major banks, like what happened with HSBC in February, the approach to put things right for customers has been to refund any late fees charged and put the account in the position it would have been in had the outage not happened.

Will coins and cash become footnotes?

So, where will cash be in the next 10 years? What needs to change in spending behaviours to halt the current cashless trend?

“Another outage where [we’re] all going to walk around like zombies, not being able to spend money. Not that I am wishing another big outage on us, although I am sure it will happen at some point.

“Something’s going to have to jolt and shock people into not relying on technology. Not everything is better quicker. Sometimes we need to bring stuff back, slow it down, transact normally and using cash is also a great way to budget”, Quinn said.

However, Hagger is less optimistic about the future of using notes and coins.

Hagger said: “I think it’s highly likely that cash usage will continue to decline as it’s simply too costly for businesses to use.”

“I am not going to make a crystal ball prediction, but what I would like to see is that we have a payment choice.

“If you have the cash, you need to be able to spend it, that’s where I hope we are at [in 10 years]. Cash doesn’t crash, it’s as simple as that,” Quinn added.

Privacy Preference Center

Necessary

Advertising

Analytics

Other